🗑Smart Automatic Dustbin

🎯 Objective of This Project

The goal of this project is to build a Smart Automatic Dustbin that:

1. Opens automatically when a hand is detected

2. Detects whether the dustbin is full or not

3. Works without touching the lid (Hygienic System)

This project uses:

• Distance measurement

• Servo motor control

• ESP32 microcontroller logic

🌍 Real-World Application

• Smart homes

• Hospitals

• Smart city waste management

• Public places (malls, railway stations)

• IoT-based garbage monitoring systems

🧩 Components Used in This Project

1️⃣ ESP32 Development Board

🔹 About ESP32

The ESP32 is a powerful microcontroller with:

• Built-in WiFi

• Built-in Bluetooth

• Multiple GPIO pins

• PWM support (for servo control)

🔹 Why We Use ESP32?

• Future IoT upgrade possible

• Fast processing

• Ideal for smart automation projects

2️⃣ Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)

🔹 Function

Used to measure distance using sound waves.

🔹 How It Works

1. Sends ultrasonic sound

2. Sound reflects from object

3. Time taken is calculated

4. Distance is computed

🔹 In This Project

• Sensor 1 → Detects Hand

• Sensor 2 → Detects Garbage Level

3️⃣ Servo Motor (SG90)

🔹 Function

Rotates at specific angles (0°–180°).

🔹 In This Project

• 0° → Lid Closed

• 90° → Lid Open

4️⃣ Other Required Items

• Breadboard

• Jumper wires

• External 5V supply (recommended)

• Dustbin body

• Mounting support for servo

🔌 Circuit Diagram & Connections

📌 Pin Configuration

🔹 Ultrasonic Sensor 1 (Hand Detection)

🔹 Ultrasonic Sensor 2 (Garbage Level)

🔹 Servo Motor

⚠ Important: Connect ESP32 GND and Servo GND together.

🔧 Setup Guide (Step-by-Step)

Step 1 – Mount Servo on Lid

• Fix servo motor near hinge area

• Connect servo arm to lid using plastic rod

Step 2 – Install Ultrasonic Sensor 1

• Place outside front of dustbin

• Facing outward to detect hand

Step 3 – Install Ultrasonic Sensor 2

• Place inside top of dustbin

• Facing downward toward garbage

Step 4 – Make Circuit Connections

• Connect sensors to ESP32

• Double-check VCC & GND

• Avoid loose connections

Step 5 – Power On & Test

⚙ Working Principle Summary

1. Hand comes near dustbin

2. Ultrasonic sensor detects object

3. ESP32 processes distance

4. Servo rotates and opens lid

5. After delay → lid closes

6. Second sensor continuously monitors garbage level

7. If garbage reaches threshold → “Dustbin Full”